I made only one prediction in my New Year's post this year. Here are a few snips:
"I don’t know what’s going to happen this year, but I do know that something’s gonna happen. And whatever it is, it will be big."
"Something big is going to happen this year. I know this for a fact, because…"
"Whatever happens this year, it will be big, and you will see it more clearly than anyone else by simply viewing it through the Freegold lens."
"I tell you now, this year is different."
"So, like I said, something big is gonna happen this year, but chances are good that we won’t have to wait…"
"What will the stock market do this year? Will it collapse? Or will it just keep bouncing its way up? ...let’s take a poll, just for fun."
"Honestly, I expect several big things to happen this year. I dunno about MdV’s “Smooth Sailing from here on out” though. Looks pretty cloudy out on the horizon..."
Nailed it, right! Seriously, though, this is big. And it's not just the Coronavirus. It's the setup. This bubble was likely to pop this year one way or another, and it just so happens we got an economy-busting, supply chain-disrupting, market-destroying, deadly, once-in-a-lifetime, global pandemic as the pin, in the very first month no less.
At first there was a lot of talk about whether or not this could be a financial black swan… THE financial black swan. Well, I think the jury is in. This is indeed a black swan, and a big one at that.
Just anecdotal, but Matrix went from this, one week ago, on 3/1:
"Been flying and I’m damn tired. So far loads are normal, heavy. People seemingly are indifferent to the virus. I’m washing my hands a lot, not touching my face. Gut feeling, virus is massively overblown and people could give a shit."
To this on 3/6:
"Loads have dropped off dramatically in the last week. I had 30 empty seats inbound from ATL. Earlier 30 empty seats from Ft Lauderdale to ATL. I normally fly full everywhere. United is in panic mode. I attended the ALPA Council 34 (United SFO) union meeting while on layover in SFO. They are prepping for furloughs."
To this today (3/8):
"Ok kids, I’m on my last day of a 5 day trip and laid over in Tampa. Not a single flight in 5 days has been full. Not good.
Just checked out the futures. Ready for this? OIL DOWN 11 dollars to 30! Gold up $27. DOW DOWN 1000.
Uh oh."
And Knotty Pine said:
"Check out/follow Liz Specht on Twitter. She has a frightening thread on the math re the spread of covid19. She is an engineer and has put a lot of thought into this."
Here's that thread:
I think most people aren’t aware of the risk of systemic healthcare failure due to #COVID19 because they simply haven’t run the numbers yet. Let’s talk math.
Let’s conservatively assume that there are 2,000 current cases in the US today, March 6th. This is about 8x the number of confirmed (lab-diagnosed) cases. We know there is substantial under-Dx due to lack of test kits; I’ll address implications later of under-/over-estimate.
We can expect that we’ll continue to see a doubling of cases every 6 days (this is a typical doubling time across several epidemiological studies). Here I mean *actual* cases. Confirmed cases may appear to rise faster in the short term due to new test kit rollouts.
We’re looking at about 1M US cases by the end of April, 2M by ~May 5, 4M by ~May 11, and so on. Exponentials are hard to grasp, but this is how they go.
As the healthcare system begins to saturate under this case load, it will become increasingly hard to detect, track, and contain new transmission chains. In absence of extreme interventions, this likely won’t slow significantly until hitting >>1% of susceptible population.
What does a case load of this size mean for healthcare system? We’ll examine just two factors — hospital beds and masks — among many, many other things that will be impacted.
The US has about 2.8 hospital beds per 1000 people. With a population of 330M, this is ~1M beds. At any given time, 65% of those beds are already occupied. That leaves about 330k beds available nationwide (perhaps a bit fewer this time of year with regular flu season, etc).
Let’s trust Italy’s numbers and assume that about 10% of cases are serious enough to require hospitalization. (Keep in mind that for many patients, hospitalization lasts for *weeks* — in other words, turnover will be *very* slow as beds fill with COVID19 patients).
By this estimate, by about May 8th, all open hospital beds in the US will be filled. (This says nothing, of course, about whether these beds are suitable for isolation of patients with a highly infectious virus.)
If we’re wrong by a factor of two regarding the fraction of severe cases, that only changes the timeline of bed saturation by 6 days in either direction. If 20% of cases require hospitalization, we run out of beds by ~May 2nd.
If only 5% of cases require it, we can make it until ~May 14th. 2.5% gets us to May 20th. This, of course, assumes that there is no uptick in demand for beds from *other* (non-COVID19) causes, which seems like a dubious assumption.
As healthcare system becomes increasingly burdened, Rx shortages, etc, people w/ chronic conditions that are normally well-managed may find themselves slipping into severe states of medical distress requiring intensive care & hospitalization. But let’s ignore that for now.
Alright, so that’s beds. Now masks. Feds say we have a national stockpile of 12M N95 masks and 30M surgical masks (which are not ideal, but better than nothing).
There are about 18M healthcare workers in the US. Let’s assume only 6M HCW are working on any given day. (This is likely an underestimate as most people work most days of the week, but again, I’m playing conservative at every turn.)
As COVID19 cases saturate virtually every state and county, which seems likely to happen any day now, it will soon be irresponsible for all HCWs to not wear a mask. These HCWs would burn through N95 stockpile in 2 days if each HCW only got ONE mask per day.
One per day would be neither sanitary nor pragmatic, though this is indeed what we saw in Wuhan, with HCWs collapsing on their shift from dehydration because they were trying to avoid changing their PPE suits as they cannot be reused.
How quickly could we ramp up production of new masks? Not very fast at all. The vast majority are manufactured overseas, almost all in China. Even when manufactured here in US, the raw materials are predominantly from overseas... again, predominantly from China.
Keep in mind that all countries globally will be going through the exact same crises and shortages simultaneously. We can’t force trade in our favor.
Now consider how these 2 factors – bed and mask shortages – compound each other’s severity. Full hospitals + few masks + HCWs running around between beds without proper PPE = very bad mix.
HCWs are already getting infected even w/ access to full PPE. In the face of PPE limitations this severe, it’s only a matter of time. HCWs will start dropping from the workforce for weeks at a time, leading to a shortage of HCWs that then further compounds both issues above.
We could go on and on about thousands of factors – # of ventilators, or even simple things like saline drip bags. You see where this is going.
Importantly, I cannot stress this enough: even if I’m wrong – even VERY wrong – about core assumptions like % of severe cases or current case #, it only changes the timeline by days or weeks. This is how exponential growth in an immunologically naïve population works.
Undeserved panic does no one any good. But neither does ill-informed complacency. It’s wrong to assuage the public by saying “only 2% will die.” People aren’t adequately grasping the national and global systemic burden wrought by this swift-moving of a disease.
I’m an engineer. This is what my mind does all day: I run back-of-the-envelope calculations to try to estimate order-of-magnitude impacts. I’ve been on high alarm about this disease since ~Jan 19 after reading clinical indicators in the first papers emerging from Wuhan.
Nothing in the last 6 weeks has dampened my alarm in the slightest. To the contrary, we’re seeing abject refusal of many countries to adequately respond or prepare. Of course some of these estimates will be wrong, even substantially wrong.
But I have no reason to think they’ll be orders-of-magnitude wrong. Even if your personal risk of death is very, very low, don’t mock decisions like canceling events or closing workplaces as undue “panic”.
These measures are the bare minimum we should be doing to try to shift the peak – to slow the rise in cases so that healthcare systems are less overwhelmed. Each day that we can delay an extra case is a big win for the HC system.
And yes, you really should prepare to buckle down for a bit. All services and supply chains will be impacted. Why risk the stress of being ill-prepared?
Worst case, I’m massively wrong and you now have a huge bag of rice and black beans to burn through over the next few months and enough Robitussin to trip out.
One more thought: you’ve probably seen multiple respected epidemiologists have estimated that 20-70% of world will be infected within the next year. If you use 6-day doubling rate I mentioned above, we land at ~2-6 billion infected by sometime in July of this year.
Obviously I think the doubling time will start to slow once a sizeable fraction of the population has been infected, simply because of herd immunity and a smaller susceptible population.
But take the scenarios above (full beds, no PPE, etc, at just 1% of the US population infected) and stretch them out over just a couple extra months.
That timeline roughly fits with consensus end-game numbers from these highly esteemed epidemiologists. Again, we’re talking about discrepancies of mere days or weeks one direction or another, but not disagreements in the overall magnitude of the challenge.
This is not some hypothetical, fear-mongering, worst-case scenario. This is reality, as far as anyone can tell with the current available data.
That’s all for now. Standard disclaimers apply: I’m a PhD biologist but *not* an epidemiologist. Thoughts my own. Yadda yadda. Stay safe out there. /end
Elon also had a thought:
Some people are still using this chart to say that concern is overblown:
But even if that chart is true, that's what I was talking about with us being 2 months and 3 weeks behind China, and with us peaking in May. Let's call that a best-case scenario at this point. That means we've still got 7 or 8 weeks of exponentially-worsening news before it starts leveling off. So, worst-case scenario became best-case scenario over the past week, the same week that Matrix went from "overblown" to "Uh oh."
This is a black swan, and there are many ways it could play out, but here's one:
You can read this full post and much more at the Speakeasy. The price is $110 for six months, which works out to about 60 cents per day. The link to subscribe is in the sidebar, or you can just click here. :D
Sincerely,
FOFOA
